TENSES
Dalam
belajar tenses hal yang paling pokok dan perlu dipahami adalah Pattern/Pola dan Keterangan Waktunya.
A.
PRESENT
Tenses
|
Pola
|
Ket.
Waktu
|
Present
tense
|
S
+ V1 (es/s)
|
Every …
Now, usually, always, generally
|
Present
Continuous
|
S
+ Tobe + Ving
|
Now, at the present, at this
moment, today
|
Present
Perfect
|
S
+ Have/has + V3
|
Lately, recently
For + periode waktu
Since + S + V2
|
Present
Perfect Continuous Tense
|
S
+ Have/has + Been + Ving
|
For + periode waktu
All day, this weeks
For the last …
Sampai sekarang masih berlangsung
|
Note:
1.
Beberapa
kata kerja tidak dapat dalam bentuk continuous adalah :
Need,
want, remember, forget, like, know, believe, trust, understand, belong, own,
appear.
2.
Kata
kerja “live” dalam Present perfect sama dengan Present Perfect
CONTOH SOAL
Choose the best answer
1. A : Where is Tanti ?
B : I don’t know. In fact I ….any of our friends
since I arrived.
a. did not see c. have not seen
b. was not seeing d. do not see
2. A : You look so unhappy, Anton. What’s the matter
?
B : My father ….his job
a. has
just lost c. losing
b. have
been losing d. is losing
3. A : Several hotels in this region are closing
down.
B : That’s because tourism itself….since last
years.
a. has
declined c. is declining
b. has
been declining d. decline
4. A : What are you looking for ?
B : My wallet, I don’t know where I ….it
a. have
been putting c. am putting
b. have
put d. put
5. A : Anwar was promoted president of your company
last week, wasn’t he ?
B : I’m glad he was, he ….in this company for
years.
a. has
been working c. had worked
b. is
working d. work
B.
PAST
Tenses
|
Pola
|
Ket. Waktu
|
||
Past tense
|
S + V2
|
Yesterday; Last
…. ….ago
|
||
Past Continuous
|
S + Tobe + Ving
|
While… ; As………
When + S + V2
|
||
Past Perfect
|
S + had + V3
|
Before … ; When
…..
As … ;
Until …
|
||
Past Perfect Continuous Tense
|
S + had + Been + Ving
|
For + periode waktu
Before
|
Ex : I was walking home when it began to rain.
The police has been looking for the robbers for two years before they caught him.
CONTOH SOAL
Choose the best answer
1. A : When did you take the academic writing course
?
B : Last year, after I ….composition II
a. complete c. have completed
b. was
completing d. had completed
2. The book that I ….in the classroom was found
by Ali
a. had
left c. was leaving
b. had
been leaving d. would have left
3. A : Did you gets seats at the show last night?
B : Not really, we came when the show ….
a. to
start already c. had already started
b. was
already started d. was already started
4. She ….the shoes for five minutes when one of
the heels came off.
A.
am
only wearing c.
had only wearing
B.
was only wearing d. have only been wearing
5. A : So you have finished typing those the
letters! When did you do it?
B : Where you ….the meeting.
a. were
attending c. have attended
b. attend d. had attended
C.
FUTURE
Tenses
|
Pola
|
Ket. Waktu
|
Future tense
|
S + Shall/will + V1
|
Tomorrow, next …(week, day)
This weekend
|
Future Continuous
|
S + Shall/will + be + Ving
|
At this tomorrow
At ten tomorrow
When + S + V1(es/s)
|
Future Perfect
|
S + Shall/will + Have + V3
|
By + ket. waktu
When + S + V1(es/s)
|
Future Perfect Continuous Tense
|
S + Shall/will + have + Ving
|
For + …. By + ket. waktu
Next….for ….
When + S + V1(es/s) for
ket. waktu
|
Ex : By the end of this week he will have finished reading the novel.
Next year she will have been studying English for three years.
CONTOH SOAL
Choose the best answer
1. A : Could you tell your brother to meet me at the
library tomorrow ?
B : Sure, I ….him.
a. will
tell c.
be telling
b. would
have told d.
will be telling
2. When you
arrive on the 6th floor, give my note to the secretary and she ….you
to my office
a. directs c. directing
b. will direct d. will direct
3. A : I forgot to return this book to the library
last week
B :
Well. I’m afraid you ….a fine when you return it.
a. having to pay c. have had to pay
c. will have to pay d. had had to pay
4. I hope that by the time my father retires, I ….a job
a. get c. have got
b. got d. will have got
5. By the end of this week I ….from Malaysia
a. have been back c. would be back
b. may be back d. will have been back
FIVE BASICTENSES
1.
Present
Continous
Present
Continous tenses digunakan untuk
mengungkapkan kejadian yang sedang berlangsung sekarang.
Ex
: Febri is reading novel at the
moment
I am studying English
My father is sleeping now .
2.
Present
Simple
Present Simple
tenses digunakan untuk menjelaskan
kejadiannya bersifat umum, terjadi sepanjang waktu, atau kebiasaan di masa
lampau, sekarang dan masa yang akan datang, dan bersifat kebenaran umum, yang
orang lain tidak dapat menyangkal lagi
akan kebenarannya.
Ex : He always awake up at 06.00 am
I usually bring a handphone.
3.
Past
Simple
Past Simple
tenses digunakan untuk menyatakan
kejadian bukan waktu sekarang (lampau).
Ex : Mrs. Nur taught me English last week.
The children didn’t go to school yesterday.
I watched TV last night.
We met him last week.
4.
Present Future
Present Future Tense digunakan untuk mengungkapkan
suatu kegiatan yang akan berlangsung di masa yang akan datang.
Ex : I will go to school tomorrow morning.
They will come tomorrow.
5.
Present Perfect
Present Perfect Tense digunakan untuk Pengalaman, Perubahan, Situasi Yang berkelanjutan.
Ex :
I have a handphone since two
years ago
My uncle has work since 2010
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