SUBJUNCTIVE

SUBJUNCTIVE

Subjunctive adalah bentuk kalimat pengandaian. Namun topik Subjunctive ini berbeda dengan Conditional. Conditional adalah kalimat pengandaian juga namun perbedaannya adalah Conditional dilengkapi dengan syarat-syarat tertentu untuk mengandai-andai. Misalnya "Aku akan mengundanya jika aku jadi kamu.". Berikut ini adalah penjelasan tentang Subjunctives.

Struktur Subjunctive

be (past)

·      I were

·      you were

·      he, she, it were

·      we were

·      you were

·      they were

be (present)

·      I be

·      you be

·      he, she, it be

·      we be

·      you be

·      they be

Kata kerja lain (past & present)

·      I work

·      you work

·      he, she, it work

·      we work

·      you work

·      they work

Penggunaan Subjunctive

Kita menggunakan subjunctives ketika kita berbicara tentang suatu kegiatan yang sebenarnya tidak akan terjadi.

Kita menggunakan subjunctive ketika berbicara tentang kegiatan yang seseorang:

·      Inginkan agar terjadi

·      Harapkan akan terjadi

·      Membayangkan akan terjadi

Contoh:

·      The President requests that you be present at the meeting.

·      It is vital that you be present at the meeting.

·      If you were at the meeting, the President would be happy.

Subjunctive biasanya menggunakan kedua struktur berikut:

Ø  Kata Kerja: ask, command, demand, insist, propose, recommend, request, suggest + that

Ø  Ekspresi: it is desirable, essential, important, necessary, vital + that

Contoh:

·      The manager insists that the car park be locked at night.

·      The board of directors recommended that he join the company.

·      It is essential that we vote as soon as possible.

·      It was necessary that every student submit his essay by the weekend.

Perhatikan bahwa struktur berikut ini, subjunctive-nya sama. Tidak masalah kalimat itu tenses-nya past atau present. Contoh:

·      Present: The President requests that they stop the occupation.

·      Past: The President requested that they stop the occupation.

·      Present: It is essential that she be present.

·      Past: It was essential that she be present.

Kita selalu menggunakan were sebagai pengganti "was" setelah if (dan kata lainnya yang memiliki arti yang sama). Contoh:

·      If I were you, I would ask her.

·      Suppose she were here. What would you say?

Mengapa kita menggunakan "I were", "he were"?

Kita sering mendengar orang berkata "if I were you, I would go" atau "if he were here, he would tell you". Memang normalnya adalah: I was, he was. Tetapi struktur if I were you tidak melihat Past Tense". Struktur tersebut hanya mengenal past subjunctive untuk "to be" nya.

Perhatikan contoh kata-kata/frase di bawah ini untuk struktur di atas:

·      If

·      as if

·      wish

·      suppose

·      If I were younger, I would go. (FORMAL)

·      If I was younger, I would go. (INFORMAL)

·      If he weren't so mean, he would buy one for me.(FORMAL)

·      If he wasn't so mean, he would buy one for me. (INFORMAL)

·      I wish I weren't so slow! (FORMAL)

·      I wish I wasn't so slow! (INFORMAL)

·      I wish it were longer. (FORMAL)

·      I wish it was longer. (INFORMAL)

·      It's not as if I were ugly. (FORMAL)

·      It's not as if I was ugly. (INFORMAL)

·      She acts as if she were Queen. (FORMAL)

·      She acts as if she was Queen. (INFORMAL)

·      If I were you, I should tell her. (FORMAL)

·      If I was you, I should tell her.  (INFORMAL)

Note: We do not normally say "if I was you", even in familiar conversation.

Beberapa ekspresi menggunakan subjunctive. Contoh:

·      Long live the King!

·      God bless America!

·      Heaven forbid!

·      Be that as it may, he still wants to see her.

·      Come what may, I will never forget you.

·      We are all citizens of the world, as it were